The widespread utilization of agrochemicals and chemical fertilizers in agriculture that were initially embraced to address agricultural expansion to feed growing world population, have led to significant environmental and health challenges including agrochemical poisoning, unintentional acute pesticide poisoning (UAPP), air and soil pollution, that damage ecosystems and human health. It causes disruption of the soil microbiome and also that of aquatic ecosystems through eutrophication, and human health via complex food webs. Hence, these problems underscore the urgent need for more sustainable agricultural practices. Biofertilizers or microbial inoculants are presented as promising substitutes to chemical fertilizers. Formulations of biofertilizers exploit the beneficial physiological attributes of microbes dwelling in the rhizosphere that may sometimes also invade the interior of plants, like Rauvolfia serpentina (Sarpagandha). The beneficial attributes of these microbes include production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), solubilization of phosphate, ACC deaminase activity, siderophore release, and antagonistic activity against pathogens. These qualities make them effective in enhancing plant growth, phytopathogen control, and they also have efficient colonizing ability. Promoting the use of biofertilizers is advocated as a dual solution: addressing the global challenge of feeding a growing population while safeguarding environmental health in a sustainable manner. This shift away from agrochemicals is seen crucial for achieving food security and safety, aligning with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2030.